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| Screening & Diagnosis > Microvascular Complications |
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Screening & Diagnosis for Diabetic Nephropathy
A serious complication that occurs in 20% to 40% of all patients with diabetes and is the principal single cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Both Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes can lead to nephropathy, but in Type 2 diabetes, a smaller fraction of patients progress to ESRD. It is very rare for nephropathy to develop in patients with diabetes of less than 10 years’ duration.
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Screening and Diagnosis of Diabetic Neuropathy
Diabetic neuropathy is the most common complication of diabetes and the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients. It is responsible for more admissions to hospitals than all other diabetic complications combined and accounts for up to 75% of all nontraumatic amputations. The major morbidity associated with somatic neuropathy is foot ulceration, the precursor of gangrene, and limb loss. Diabetic neuropathy also has a severe impact on quality of life and is considered the most detrimental effect on quality of life of the diabetic complications. Therefore, mortality rates are high, approaching 50% after 5 to 10 years.
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Screening and Diagnosis of Diabetic Retinopathy
Diabetic retinopathy is a common microvascular complication of both Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes that can severely impair visual acuity, eventually leading to blindness. The prevalence of retinopathy is strongly linked to the duration of diabetes. Twenty years after diabetes onset, almost 100% of patients with Type 1 diabetes, and over 60% of Type 2 diabetics, will show some degree of retinopathy.
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